Digital foundations and emerging technologies

Software consists of programs and applications that allow users to perform tasks on digital devices. Not long ago, software was primarily installed via CDs or floppy disks, and updates required manual downloads. The operating system (OS) is the fundamental software that manages hardware and software resources, providing a user interface and platform for running applications.  

Cloud-based software and automatic updates have transformed how we access and use applications, enabling real-time collaboration and seamless integration across multiple devices. 

Why it matters 

• The choice of operating system affects software compatibility, security, and usability. 
• Understanding software types helps users select the right tools for productivity and collaboration. 
• Regular updates and security patches support system stability and protection from cyber threats. 

• Operating System (OS): Software that manages computer hardware and software (e.g., Windows, macOS, Linux). 
• Application Software: Programs designed for specific tasks, such as word processing, data analysis, or graphic design. 
• Cloud-based Software: Applications that run via the Internet rather than being installed locally (e.g., Microsoft 365, Google Workspace). 
• Open-Source Software: Free software with publicly available source code (e.g., Linux, LibreOffice). 
• Software as a Service (SaaS): A subscription-based model where software is hosted online and users pay a recurring fee for usage (e.g., Microsoft 365, Adobe Creative Cloud). 

There is a range of software that the University has agreed Site Licences for. More information on the university software service catalogue. 

• Regularly update your software to maintain security and functionality. 
• Use cloud-based applications like Microsoft 365 to enhance accessibility and collaboration. 
• Customise settings to optimise performance and user experience. 
• Be cautious when installing software—download only from reputable sources. Visit the University Software Catalogue for further details of software available to you whilst your study 
• Learn keyboard shortcuts to increase efficiency (Examples for Windows and for Mac)
• Explore the resources available to you via the University of Exeter Digital Hub